Category Exchange IMF Asia and Pacific Regional Economic Outlook (APDREO) IMF Balance of Payments (BOP) IMF Balance of Payments (BOP), World and Regional Aggregates IMF Commodity Terms of Trade (PCTOT) IMF Consumer Price Index (CPI) IMF Coordinated Direct Investment Survey (CDIS) IMF Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey (CPIS) IMF Currency Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves (COFER) IMF Direction of Trade Statistics (DOTS) IMF Export Diversification (ED) IMF Export Quality (EQ) IMF Financial Access Survey (FAS) IMF Financial Development Index (FDI) IMF Financial Soundness Indicators (FSIs) IMF Financial Soundness Indicators: Reporting entities (FSIRE) IMF Fiscal Decentralization (FD) IMF Fiscal Monitor (FM) IMF Gender Equality (GE) IMF Government Finance Statistics (GFS), Expenditure by Function of Government (COFOG) IMF Government Finance Statistics (GFS), Expense IMF Government Finance Statistics (GFS), Financial Assets and Liabilities by Counterpart Sector IMF Government Finance Statistics (GFS), Integrated Balance Sheet (Stock Positions and Flows in Assets and Liabilities) IMF Government Finance Statistics (GFS), Main Aggregates and Balances IMF Government Finance Statistics (GFS), Revenue IMF Government Finance Statistics (GFS), Statement of Sources and Uses of Cash IMF Historical Public Debt (HPDD) IMF International Financial Statistics (IFS) IMF International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity (IRFCL) IMF Middle East and Central Asia Regional Economic Outlook (MCREO) IMF Primary Commodity Price System (PCPS) IMF Public Sector Balance Sheet (PSBS) (IFAD) IMF Structural Reform Database (SRD) IMF Sub-Saharan Africa Regional Economic Outlook (AFRREO) IMF Western Hemisphere Regional Economic Outlook (WHDREO) IMF World Economic Outlook(WEO), October 2024 OECD Agriculture and fisheries Agri-environmental indicators: all data OECD Agriculture and fisheries Agricultural Policy Monitoring and Evaluation: all data OECD Agriculture and fisheries Agricultural greenhouse gases emissions OECD Agriculture and fisheries Agricultural land area OECD Agriculture and fisheries Ammonia emissions OECD Agriculture and fisheries Aquaculture production OECD Agriculture and fisheries Biodiversity OECD Agriculture and fisheries Characteristics of producer policy support OECD Agriculture and fisheries Composition of General Services Support Estimate OECD Agriculture and fisheries Composition of Producer Support Estimate OECD Agriculture and fisheries Consumer Support Estimate (CSE) OECD Agriculture and fisheries Contribution of Budgetary Payments to change in Producer Support Estimate by country, 2022 to 2023 OECD Agriculture and fisheries Contribution to change in Border Price by country, 2022 to 2023 OECD Agriculture and fisheries Contribution to change in Producer Support Estimate by country, 2022 to 2023 OECD Agriculture and fisheries Employment in fisheries, aquaculture and processing OECD Agriculture and fisheries Energy use OECD Agriculture and fisheries Estimates of Support to Agriculture OECD Agriculture and fisheries FAO Agricultural Outlook 2021-2030 OECD Agriculture and fisheries FAO Agricultural Outlook 2022-2031 OECD Agriculture and fisheries FAO Agricultural Outlook 2023-2032 OECD Agriculture and fisheries FAO Agricultural Outlook 2024-2033 OECD Agriculture and fisheries Fishing fleet OECD Agriculture and fisheries General Services Support Estimate (GSSE) OECD Agriculture and fisheries Inland fisheries OECD Agriculture and fisheries International trade of fisheries commodities OECD Agriculture and fisheries Marine landings OECD Agriculture and fisheries Nutrients balances OECD Agriculture and fisheries Pesticides use OECD Agriculture and fisheries Producer Support Estimate (PSE) OECD Agriculture and fisheries Single commodity indicators OECD Agriculture and fisheries Soil erosion OECD Agriculture and fisheries Total Support Estimate (TSE) OECD Agriculture and fisheries Water quality OECD Agriculture and fisheries Water use OECD Health Absence from work due to illness OECD Health Acute care OECD Health Alcohol consumption OECD Health Avoidable mortality OECD Health Body weight OECD Health COVID-19 mortality by week OECD Health Cancer OECD Health Cancer care OECD Health Caring personnel (personal care workers) OECD Health Causes of mortality OECD Health Communicable diseases OECD Health Consultations OECD Health Dentists OECD Health Diagnostic exams OECD Health End-of-life care OECD Health Excess mortality by week OECD Health Food supply and consumption OECD Health Generic market OECD Health Graduates OECD Health Gross fixed capital formation in the healthcare system OECD Health Health and social employment OECD Health Health status OECD Health Health workforce migration OECD Health Healthcare coverage OECD Health Healthcare human resources OECD Health Healthcare provider resources OECD Health Healthcare quality and outcomes OECD Health Healthcare utilisation OECD Health Hospital aggregates OECD Health Hospital average length of stay by diagnostic categories OECD Health Hospital beds by function of healthcare OECD Health Hospital beds by sector OECD Health Hospital discharges by diagnostic categories OECD Health Hospital employment OECD Health Hospitals OECD Health Immunisations OECD Health Infant health: low birthweight OECD Health Injuries OECD Health Input costs for healthcare providers OECD Health Integrated care OECD Health Intensive care unit (ICU) beds and use OECD Health Life expectancy OECD Health Long-term care resources and recipients by facility ownership OECD Health Long-term care resources and utilisation - beds OECD Health Long-term care resources and utilisation - recipients OECD Health Long-term care resources and utilisation - workers OECD Health Maternal and infant mortality OECD Health Medical technology availability OECD Health Mental health - patient reported experience measures OECD Health Mental healthcare OECD Health Midwives OECD Health Mortality by week OECD Health Nurses OECD Health Patient experiences OECD Health Patient safety OECD Health Perceived health status OECD Health Perceived health status by socio-economic status OECD Health Pharmaceutical market OECD Health Pharmaceuticals consumption OECD Health Pharmaceuticals sales OECD Health Pharmacists OECD Health Physicians OECD Health Physicians by age and sex OECD Health Physicians by categories OECD Health Physiotherapists OECD Health Potential years of life lost OECD Health Prescribing in primary care OECD Health Primary care OECD Health Remuneration OECD Health Revenues of healthcare financing schemes OECD Health Risk factors for health OECD Health Screening OECD Health Surgical procedures OECD Health Tobacco consumption OECD Health Use of vaping products OECD Health Waiting times OECD Society Child well-being OECD Society Current well-being OECD Society Current well-being by age OECD Society Current well-being by education level OECD Society Current well-being vertical inequality OECD Society Demographic and economic context OECD Society Design of pension systems OECD Society Future well-being OECD Society Historical population data OECD Society Income and poverty of older people OECD Society Income distribution database OECD Society International migration database OECD Society International migration database - stocks of foreign-born population OECD Society Labour market outcomes of immigrants - Employment rates by educational attainment OECD Society Labour market outcomes of immigrants - Employment, unemployment, and participation rates by sex OECD Society Net total social expenditure in % GDP OECD Society Pension replacement rates OECD Society Pension wealth OECD Society Pensions at a glance OECD Society Population projections OECD Society Public and private social expenditure OECD Society Public expenditure on disability and sickness cash benefits in % GDP OECD Society Public expenditure on family by type of expenditure (cash and in kind) in % GDP OECD Society Public expenditure on old-age and survivors cash benefits in % GDP OECD Society Social expenditure aggregates OECD Society Standardised inflows of permanent-type migrants OECD Society Standardised inflows of temporary migrants OECD Society Wealth distribution database OECD Society urrent well-being by sex OECD Taxation Carbon pricing score OECD Taxation Combined (corporate and shareholder) statutory tax rates on dividend income OECD Taxation Comparative tables of Revenue Statistics in African countries OECD Taxation Comparative tables of Revenue Statistics in Asia and the Pacific OECD Taxation Comparative tables of Revenue Statistics in Latin America and the Caribbean OECD Taxation Comparative tables of Revenue Statistics in OECD member countries OECD Taxation Comparative tables of countries in the global database OECD Taxation Controlled foreign company rules - Corporate tax statistics OECD Taxation Corporate income tax statutory and targeted small business rates OECD Taxation Country-by-country reporting (CbCR) - Aggregate totals by jurisdiction - Corporate tax statistics OECD Taxation Country-by-country reporting (CbCR) - Aggregate totals by the effective tax rate of the MNE group and by tax jurisdiction - Corporate tax statistics OECD Taxation Country-by-country reporting (CbCR) - Aggregate totals by the effective tax rate of the MNE sub-group and by tax jurisdiction - Corporate tax statistics OECD Taxation Country-by-country reporting (CbCR) - Distribution points of MNE group size - Corporate tax statistics OECD Taxation Country-by-country reporting (CbCR) - Interquartile mean values by jurisdiction - Corporate tax statistics OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Bhutan OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Botswana OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Burkina Faso OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Cabo Verde OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Cambodia OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Cameroon OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Chad OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Cook Islands OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Côte d'Ivoire OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Egypt OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Equatorial Guinea OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Eswatini OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Fiji OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Gabon OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Ghana OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Guinea OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Hong Kong, China OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Kazakhstan OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Kenya OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Kyrgyzstan OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Lao PDR OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Lesotho OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Madagascar OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Malawi OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Maldives OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Mali OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Marshall Islands OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Mauritania OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Mauritius OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Mongolia OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Morocco OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Mozambique OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Namibia OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Nauru OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Nigeria OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Pakistan OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Papua New Guinea OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Philippines OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Rwanda OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Samoa OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Senegal OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Sierra Leone OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Singapore OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Solomon Islands OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Somalia OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of South Africa OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Sri Lanka OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Thailand OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Togo OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Tokelau OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Tunisia OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Uganda OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Ukraine OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Vanuatu OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Viet Nam OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of Zambia OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of the Democratic Republic of the Congo OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of the Republic of the Congo OECD Taxation Details of tax and non-tax revenue of the Seychelles OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Antigua and Barbuda OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Argentina OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Armenia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Australia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Australia in Revenue Statistics of Asia and the Pacific OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Austria OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Azerbaijan OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Bahamas OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Bangladesh OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Barbados OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Belgium OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Belize OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Bolivia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Brazil OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Bulgaria OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Canada OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Chile OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Chile in Revenue Statistics in Latin America and the Caribbean OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of China OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Colombia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Colombia in Revenue Statistics in Latin America and the Caribbean OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Costa Rica OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Costa Rica in Revenue Statistics in Latin America and the Caribbean OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Croatia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Cuba OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Czechia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Denmark OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Dominican Republic OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Ecuador OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of El Salvador OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Estonia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Finland OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of France OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Georgia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Germany OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Greece OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Guatemala OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Guyana OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Honduras OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Hungary OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Iceland OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Indonesia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Ireland OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Israel OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Italy OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Jamaica OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Japan OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Japan in Revenue Statistics of Asia and the Pacific OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Kiribati OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Korea OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Korea in Revenue Statistics of Asia and the Pacific OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Latvia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Liechtenstein OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Lithuania OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Luxembourg OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Malaysia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Malta OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Mexico OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Mexico in Revenue Statistics in Latin America and the Caribbean OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of New Zealand OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of New Zealand in Revenue Statistics of Asia and the Pacific OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Nicaragua OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Norway OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Panama OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Paraguay OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Poland OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Portugal OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Romania OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Saint Lucia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Slovenia OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Spain OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Sweden OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Switzerland OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Timor-Leste OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Trinidad and Tobago OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Türkiye OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Uruguay OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of Venezuela OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of the Netherlands OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of the Slovak Republic OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of the United Kingdom OECD Taxation Details of tax revenue of the United States OECD Taxation Effective tax rates - Corporate tax statistics OECD Taxation Effective tax rates for expenditure based tax incentives - Corporate tax statistics OECD Taxation Effective tax rates for income based tax incentives - Corporate tax statistics OECD Taxation Intellectual properties regimes - Corporate tax statistics OECD Taxation Interest limitation rules - Corporate tax statistics OECD Taxation Labour taxation – OECD comparative indicators OECD Taxation Labour taxation – average and marginal tax wedge decompositions OECD Taxation Labour taxation – detailed OECD member country tables OECD Taxation Net effective carbon rates OECD Taxation Net effective energy rates OECD Taxation Net energy tax revenues and reform potential OECD Taxation Personal income tax - central government rates and thresholds for a single person at 100% of average wage without dependents OECD Taxation Personal income tax - sub-central rates and thresholds for a progressive system for a single person at 100% of average wage without dependants OECD Taxation Personal income tax - sub-central rates for a non-progressive system for a single person at 100% of average wage without dependants OECD Taxation Personal income tax - top statutory rate and marginal tax rate for employees at the earnings threshold where the top statutory personal income tax rate first applies OECD Taxation Personal income tax and social security contributions - average combined personal income tax and employee social security contribution rates by household type OECD Taxation Personal income tax and social security contributions - average rates on gross wage earnings for a single person without dependent OECD Taxation Personal income tax and social security contributions - marginal rates on gross wage earnings for a single person without dependents OECD Taxation Reference series of African countries OECD Taxation Reference series of Asia and the Pacific economies OECD Taxation Reference series of Latin American and Caribbean countries OECD Taxation Reference series of OECD member countries OECD Taxation Reference series of countries in the global database OECD Taxation Revenue forgone and net effective carbon rates OECD Taxation Shares of CO2 emissions from energy priced OECD Taxation Shares of emissions priced OECD Taxation Social security contributions and payroll taxes paid by government in OECD member countries OECD Taxation Standard withholding tax rates - Corporate tax statistics OECD Taxation Treaty based withholding tax rates - Corporate tax statistics OECD Transport Annual container transport OECD Transport Annual freight transport OECD Transport Annual length of inland transport infrastructure OECD Transport Annual passenger transport OECD Transport Annual road fatalities, injured, injury crashes OECD Transport Annual transport trends OECD Transport Fatalities OECD Transport First registrations of brand new vehicles OECD Transport Freight transport OECD Transport Motor fuel deliveries OECD Transport Passenger transport OECD Transport Road motor vehicle traffic OECD Transport Short term transport indicators OECD Transport Transport activity indicators OECD Transport Transport economic and social indicators OECD Transport Transport energy and environment indicators OECD Transport Transport equipment indicators OECD Transport Transport infrastructure indicators OECD Transport Transport infrastructure investment and maintenance spending OECD Transport Transport performance indicators OECD Transport Transport safety indicators OECD Transport Transport traffic indicators Stock Price

Indicator Capital value Investment spending Maintenance spending

Country Albania Armenia Australia Belarus Belgium Bulgaria Chile Estonia Finland France Germany India Ireland Israel Korea Latvia Lithuania Moldova New Zealand North Macedonia Norway Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States

Counterpart Country

Frequency of observation Annual

Observation status

Sector

Counterpart Sectorセクター

Unit

Type

Product

Financial Institution

Instrument And Assets Classification

Residence

Commodity

Species

Water Type

Nutrients

Erosion Risk Level

Agricultural Convention

Working Domain

Fleet Size

Trade Flow

Working Status

Confidentiality Status

Birth Country

Education Level

Option

Statistical Operation

Computation Method

Definition

Poverty Threshold

Threshold

Expenditure Source

Expenditure Type

Business Type

Social Field

Population Group

Immigration Registration

Calculation Method

Variable Category

Target Group

Gender Equality Indicator

SDGs Indicator

Cancer Site

Data Source

Social Welfare System Component

Social Welfare System Survey Round

Social Welfare System Department

Insurance Type

Health Status

Working Time Form

Medical Procedure

Medical Personnel Employment Status

Medical Technology

Medical Function

Medical Institution

Type Of Care

Health Profession

Healthcare Financing System

Healthcare Financing Source

Pharmaceutical

Consultation Form

Regional Level

Regional Classification

Reference Period

Gestation Period Threshold

Education Level

Market Type

Waiting Time

Provision Method

Provision Factor

Cause Of Death

Measurement Method

Disease

Training Location

Socio Economic Status

Occupation

Calculation Methodology

Diagnostic Classification

Asset Type

Managing Organization

Employment Type

Birthplace

Economic sector

Emissions source

Carbon price level

Targeting

Institutional sector

Rate structure

ETR Tax base

Revenue category

Country specific revenue category

Aggregation type

Profit grouped by

Effective tax rate grouped by

ETR Scenario

ETR Tax type

Regime

Household type

Earnings of the principal

Earnings of the spouse

Energy source

Transaction

Civil status

Level

Tax base

Counterpart area

Legal basis

Treaty Date

Infrastructure type

Geographical coverage

Measure

Fuel type

Vehicle type

Transport mode Air Inland Rail Road Waterways

Statistical Activity

Nationality

Price Standard Constant prices Current prices

Currency

Birthplace

Sex

Age

Unit Of Measure Euro

Unit Multiplier Units

Administration Not selected Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil British Virgin Islands Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Costa Rica Cote d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Czechoslovakia Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Eritrea Estonia Eswatini Ethiopia Falkland Islands (Malvinas) Fiji Finland France Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Gibraltar Greece Greenland Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Holy See Honduras Hong Kong SAR Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iraq Ireland Islamic Republic of Iran Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Korea Kosovo Kuwait Kyrgyz Republic Lao P.D.R. Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macao SAR Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Micronesia Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Panama Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Republic of Congo Romania Russia Rwanda San Marino Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovak Republic Slovenia Somalia South Africa South Sudan Spain Sri Lanka St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia Sudan Suriname Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Province of China Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkiye Turkmenistan Turks and Caicos Islands Tuvalu USSR Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Vanuatu Venezuela Vietnam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe

Economy Not selected Japan Prosperity Japan Recession United States Prosperity United States Recession